@ARTICLE{Yusuf-microglia_stem_cell_StemCellRes2020,
  title    = "Generation of pure monocultures of human microglia-like cells
              from induced pluripotent stem cells",
  author   = "Banerjee, Poulomi and Paza, Evdokia and Perkins, Emma M and
              James, Owen G and Kenkhuis, Boyd and Lloyd, Amy F and Burr, Karen
              and Story, David and Yusuf, Dilmurat and He, Xin and Backofen,
              Rolf and Dando, Owen and Chandran, Siddharthan and Priller, Josef",
  abstract = "Microglia are resident tissue macrophages of the central nervous
              system (CNS) that arise from erythromyeloid progenitors during
              embryonic development. They play essential roles in CNS
              development, homeostasis and response to disease. Since microglia
              are difficult to procure from the human brain, several protocols
              have been developed to generate microglia-like cells from human
              induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). However, some concerns
              remain over the purity and quality of in vitro generated
              microglia. Here, we describe a new protocol that does not require
              co-culture with neural cells and yields cultures of 100\% P2Y12+
              95\% TMEM119+ ramified human microglia-like cells (hiPSC-MG). In
              the presence of neural precursor cell-conditioned media, hiPSC-MG
              expressed high levels of human microglia signature genes,
              including SALL1, CSF1R, P2RY12, TMEM119, TREM2, HEXB and
              SIGLEC11, as revealed by whole-transcriptome analysis.
              Stimulation of hiPSC-MG with lipopolysaccharide resulted in
              downregulation of P2Y12 expression, induction of IL1B mRNA
              expression and increase in cell capacitance. HiPSC-MG were
              phagocytically active and maintained their cell identity after
              transplantation into murine brain slices and human brain
              spheroids. Together, our new protocol for the generation of
              microglia-like cells from human iPSCs will facilitate the study
              of human microglial function in health and disease.",
  journal  = "Stem Cell Res.",
  volume   =  49,
  pages    = "102046",
  month    =  oct,
  year     =  2020,
  keywords = "Microglia; Myeloid cells; Nervous system; Organoid; Transcriptome",
  language = "en",
  doi = {10.1016/j.scr.2020.102046},
  user =	 {dyusuf}
}