@Article{Kelman_Posner_McDermid-Antio_activ_Hawai-2012,
  author =	 {Kelman, Dovi and Posner, Ellen Kromkowski and McDermid, 
                  Karla J. and Tabandera, Nicole K. and Wright, Patrick R. and 
                  Wright, Anthony D.},
  title =	 {Antioxidant activity of {Hawaiian} marine algae},
  journal =	 {Mar Drugs},
  year =	 {2012},
  volume =	 {10},
  number =	 {2},
  pages =	 {403-16},
  user =	 {wrightp},
  pmid =	 {22412808},
  doi = 	 {10.3390/md10020403},
  issn = 	 {1660-3397},
  abstract =	 {Marine algae are known to contain a wide variety of 
                  bioactive compounds, many of which have commercial 
                  applications in pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, 
                  nutraceutical, food and agricultural industries. Natural 
                  antioxidants, found in many algae, are important bioactive 
                  compounds that play an important role against various 
                  diseases and ageing processes through protection of cells 
                  from oxidative damage. In this respect, relatively little is 
                  known about the bioactivity of Hawaiian algae that could be 
                  a potential natural source of such antioxidants. The total 
                  antioxidant activity of organic extracts of 37 algal 
                  samples, comprising of 30 species of Hawaiian algae from 27 
                  different genera was determined. The activity was determined 
                  by employing the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) 
                  assays. Of the algae tested, the extract of Turbinaria 
                  ornata was found to be the most active. Bioassay-guided 
                  fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of a 
                  variety of different carotenoids as the active principles. 
                  The major bioactive antioxidant compound was identified as 
                  the carotenoid fucoxanthin. These results show, for the 
                  first time, that numerous Hawaiian algae exhibit significant 
                  antioxidant activity, a property that could lead to their 
                  application in one of many useful healthcare or related 
                  products as well as in chemoprevention of a variety of 
                  diseases including cancer.}
}